Introduction to research: What is research?
- Research is a systematic, logical, and evidence-based process for asking and answering questions about the world.
- It differs from opinion or belief because it relies on data, critical thinking, and clear methodology.
- Good research is replicable, objective, and empirical—others should be able to follow your steps and understand your conclusions.
- Research serves various purposes: it can explore new topics, describe conditions, explain relationships, or solve real-world problems.
The research process: Steps involved in conducting research
Types of Research I: Basic, Applied; Quantitative, Qualitative
- Basic research builds theory; applied research solves problems.
- Quantitative research answers “how much” with numbers.
- Qualitative research answers “why” with stories and context.
- Mixed methods combine the strengths of both.